(55.11) Pān Zhāng 潘璋 [Wénguī 文珪]

Pān Zhāng appellation Wénguī was a Dōng-jùn Fāgān man. When Sūn Quán was Chief of Yángxiàn [196], he first went to follow Quán. By nature was unrestrained and wasteful and addicted to alcohol. He was poor, and liked to borrow money to by alcohol. When creditors came to his gates, he said to them that later he would become rich and powerful and then repay them.

潘璋字文珪,東郡發干人也。孫權為陽羨長,始往隨權。性博蕩嗜酒,居貧,好賒酤,債家至門,輒言後豪富相還。

Quán thought he was exceptional and favored him, and so sent him to levy recruits. He obtained over a hundred men, and then became their commander, attacked mountain bandits with achievements, and became a Separate Command Major. Later he served in the Wú main market killing criminals, so criminals were eradicated, and from this he gained reputation, and was promoted to Chief of Xī’ān in Yùzhāng. From when Liú Biǎo occupied Jīngzhōu, the people were repeatedly robbed, but from when Zhāng was appointed, robbers could not enter the borders. The neighboring county Jiànchāng had uprisings of bandits and rebellion, so he was transferred to Jiànchāng, also appointed Colonel of Martial Fierceness, attacked and suppressed the evil peoples, and in a moon all was pacified. He gathered the remaining scattered forces, obtaining eight hundred men, and led them back to Jiànyè.

權奇愛之,因使召募,得百餘人,遂以為將。討山賊有功,署別部司馬。後為吳大巿刺奸,盜賊斷絕,由是知名,遷豫章西安長。劉表在荊州,民數被寇,自璋在事,寇不入境。比縣建昌起為賊亂,轉領建昌,加武猛校尉,討治惡民,旬月盡平,召合遺散,得八百人,將還建業。


In the Héféi campaign [215], Zhāng Liáo suddenly arrived, and all the officers were unprepared. Chén Wǔ died in battle. Sòng Qiān and Xú Shèng were defeated and fled. Zhāng was located at the rear, galloped forward, and from his horse beheaded two men among Qiān’s and Shèng’s fleeing troops, and the troops all returned to battle. Quán was deeply impressed by this, and appointed him Assistant-General, and so he commanded a hundred regiments and camped on an islet halfway [across the Jiāng].

合肥之役,張遼奄至,諸將不備,陳武鬥死,宋謙、徐盛皆披走,璋身次在後,便馳進,橫馬斬謙、盛兵走者二人,兵皆還戰。權甚壯之,拜偏將軍,遂領百校,屯半州。


When Quán attacked Guān Yǔ [219], Zhāng and Zhū Rán cut off Yǔ’s escape route, arrived at Línjǔ, and halted at Jiāshí. Zhāng’s subordinate Major Mǎ Zhōng captured Yǔ with Yǔ’s son Píng, Commander Zhào Léi, and others. Quán then divided from Yídū Wū and Zǐguī two counties to form Gùlíng commandery, and appointed Zhāng its Administrator, General Rousing Authority, with fief as Marquis of Lìyáng. Gān Níng died, and he took over his army.

權征關羽,璋與朱然斷羽走道,到臨沮,住夾石。璋部下司馬馬忠禽羽,并羽子平、都督趙累等。權即分宜都(至)〔巫〕、秭歸二縣為固陵郡,拜璋為太守、振威將軍,封溧陽侯。甘寧卒,又并其軍。

Liú Bèi went out against Yílíng [222], Zhāng and Lù Xùn joined forces to resist him, and Zhāng’s subordinates beheaded Bèi’s Protector of the Army Féng Xí and others, and the killed and injured were very many. He was appointed General Pacifying the North and Administrator of Xiāngyáng.

劉備出夷陵,璋與陵遜并力拒之,璋部下斬備護軍馮習等,所殺傷甚眾,拜平北將軍、襄陽太守。


Wèi General Xiàhóu Shàng and others besieged Nán-jùn, and sent at the front thirty thousand men to build pontoon bridges, and crossed a hundred lǐ to an islet. Zhūgě Jǐn and Yáng Càn both gathered their troops to rescue it, but did not know where to set out, and the Wèi troops were daily crossing without end. Zhāng said: “The Wèi army’s strength is flourishing, and the river’s water is shallow, so we cannot yet do battle.” He therefore led those he commanded, and arrived fifty lǐ upstream from the Wèi army, cut down several millions of reeds, bound them into large rafts, and wished to send them downstream to set a fire, and burn their pontoon bridges. The construction of the rafts was complete, and they waited for the water levels to rise to send them down, and so [Xiàhóu] Shàng retreated. Zhāng went downstream to defend Lùkǒu.

魏將夏侯尚等圍南郡,分前部三萬人作浮橋,渡百里洲上,諸葛瑾、楊粲並會兵赴救,未知所出,而魏兵日渡不絕。璋曰:「魏勢始盛,江水又淺,未可與戰。」便將所領,到魏上流五十里,伐葦數百萬束,縛作大筏,欲順流放火,燒敗浮橋。作筏適畢,伺水長當下,尚便引退。璋下備陸口。

When Quán took Imperial title [229] he was appointed General of the Right.

權稱尊號,拜右將軍。


Zhāng as a man was crude and violent, his prohibitions were severe, he liked to brag of his achievements, and though the troops and horses he commanded did not exceed several thousand, he always acted as if it were ten thousand men. When he stopped on campaign, he would establish a military supply market, and the other armies if they lacked something all depended on him. But by nature he was extravagant, and in his final years became even more so, and his clothes and objects usurped higher ranks. The wealthy among his officials and troops he would sometimes kill and take their property. He repeatedly did not obey the law. Supervisors and officials sent up memorials of this, but Quán appreciated his achievements and always forgave and made no investigations.

璋為人麤猛,禁令肅然,好立功業,所領兵馬不過數千,而其所在常如萬人。征伐止頓,便立軍巿,他軍所無,皆仰取足。然性奢泰,末年彌甚,服物僭擬。吏兵富者,或殺取其財物,數不奉法。監司舉奏,權惜其功而輒原不問。

Jiāhé third year [234] he died. His son Píng due to improper behavior was exiled to Kuàijī. Zhāng’s wife resided at Jiànyè, was bestowed with farmland and residences, with retainers of fifty families.

嘉禾三年卒。子平,以無行徙會稽。璋妻居建業,賜田宅,復客五十家。

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