Chén Xiū 陳脩, Chén Biǎo 陳表 [Wén’ào 文奧]

Chén Wǔ appellation Zǐliè was a Lújiāng Sōngzī man. When Sūn Cè was at Shòuchūn, Wǔ went to visit him, at the time aged eighteen years, seven chǐ seven cùn [~1.78 m] tall, and therefore followed in crossing the Jiāng, in campaigns he had achievement, and was appointed Separate Division Major. [Sūn] Cè defeated Liú Xūn, gaining many Lújiāng people, selected out their most elite, and then had Wǔ be their commander, and where they headed none could withstand. When [Sūn] Quán governed matters, he was transferred to Commander of the Five Colonels. He was benevolent and generous and liked to give out, and from his home town of those that fled and became guests of others many relied on him. He was especially by [Sūn] Quán closely favored, and frequently went to his house. He accumulated achievements and contributions, and was advanced in rank to Supporting General. Jiàn’ān Twentieth Year [215], he followed in striking Héféi, and exerted his life and in battle died. [Sūn] Quán grieved for him, and personally oversaw his burial. (1)

陳武字子烈，廬江松滋人。孫策在壽春，武往脩謁，時年十八，長七尺七寸，因從渡江，征討有功，拜別部司馬。策破劉勳，多得廬江人，料其精銳，乃以武為督，所向無前。及權統事，轉督五校。仁厚好施，鄉里遠方客多依託之。尤為權所親愛，數至其家。累有功勞，進位偏將軍。建安二十年，從擊合肥，奮命戰死。權哀之，自臨其葬。〔一〕

• Jiāngbiǎozhuàn states: [Sūn] Quán ordered that his [Chén Wǔ’s] favored concubine be killed and buried [with him], and also gave retainers of 200 families.
• Sūn Shèng states: In the past the Three Greats followed [Qín Duke] Mù [in death], and the Qín armies because of this could not campaign; when Wèi’s concubine went out, Dù Huí by this fell dead. Disaster and fortune’s answers, are like this effective. [Sūn] Quán wielded his authority, to have the living follow the dead; that his dynasty should be short lived, was it not also appropriate!

〔一〕　江表傳曰：權命以其愛妾殉葬，復客二百家。孫盛曰：昔三良從穆，秦師以之不征；魏妾既出，杜回以之僵仆。禍福之報，如此之效也。權仗計任術，以生從死，世祚之促，不亦宜乎！

His son [Chén] Xiū had Wǔ’s manner, at nineteen years, [Sūn] Quán summoned and met him and gave rewards, appointing him Separate Division Major, and gave him troops of 500 men. At the time of the various new recruits there were many that deserted, but he cultivated and comforted and went about obtaining their intentions, and he did not lose a single man. [Sūn] Quán was impressed by this, and appointed him Colonel. At Jiàn’ān’s end, in recollection of the achievements of past ministers, fief was given on Xiū as a capital precinct Marquis, and he became Xièfán Commander. Huánglóng Inaugural Year [229] he died.

子脩有武風，年十九，權召見獎厲，拜別部司馬，授兵五百人。時諸新兵多有逃叛，而脩撫循得意，不失一人。權奇之，拜為校尉。建安末，追錄功臣後，封脩都亭侯，為解煩督。黃龍元年卒。

His younger brother [Chén] Biǎo, appellation Wén’ào, was Wǔ’s by a concubine’s son. When young his reputation was known, and with Zhūgě Kè, Gù Tán, Zhāng Xiū and others together were attendants at the East Palace, and all together were close friends. Secretariat Jì Yàn also with Biǎo was friendly, later [Jì] Yàn had a crime, at the time the people all protected themselves, trusting in speaking little, but Biǎo alone did not, and the scholars because of this respected him. He followed as Heir-Apparent’s Internal Companion, and appointed Assisting Standard Commandant.

弟表，字文奧，武庶子也，少知名，與諸葛恪、顧譚、張休等並侍東宮，皆共親友。尚書暨豔亦與表善，後豔遇罪，時人咸自營護，信厚言薄，表獨不然，士以此重之。（徙）〔從〕太子中庶子，拜翼正都尉。

After his elder brother Xiū died, Biǎo’s mother would not attend to Xiū’s mother, and Biǎo said to his mother: “My elder brother by misfortune early died, I Biǎo took over family affairs, and should attend to the first son’s mother. If you mother are able to for me bow feeling, and comply with the first son’s mother, this is my utmost hope; if you mother are not able to, then you should go out and live separately and that is all.” Biǎo’s upholding of great principle and uprightness was like this. Because of this the two mothers were moved and became harmonious.

兄脩亡後，表母不肯事脩母，表謂其母曰：「兄不幸早亡，表統家事，當奉嫡母。母若能為表屈情，承順嫡母者，是至願也；若母不能，直當出別居耳。」表於大義公正如此。由是二母感寤雍穆。

Biǎo because his father had died in battle, requested to be employed as a military officer, and commanded troops of 500 men. Biǎo wished to obtain the strength of battle troops, and poured out his thoughts to care for them, and the soldiers all loved and attached, and were happy to follow his orders. At the time there was one who stole government property, and it was suspected it was Wúnán soldier Shī Míng. [Shī] Míng by nature was robust and intrepid, he was arrested and interrogated with utmost torment, but he would rather die than speak, and the Minister of Justice reported this. [Sūn] Quán because Biǎo was able to obtain the hearts of heroes, gave Imperial Order to have [Shī] Míng handed over to Biǎo, to have him use his own intentions to seek out the real situation. Biǎo then broke his shackles and bathed him, changed his clothes, and generously set up drink and food, happily by this enticing him. [Shī] Míng therefore himself submitted, and listed out all his conspirators. Biǎo reported this, [Sūn] Quán was impressed with this, and wished to protect his [Shī Míng’s] reputation, specially pardoning [Shī] Míng, executing his conspirators. He promoted Biǎo to Wúnán Right Division Commander, with fief as a capital precinct Marquis, to succeed the old noble rank [of his father and brother]. Biǎo declined it all, begging to transfer it to Xiū’s son [Chén] Yán, but [Sūn] Quán would not agree.

表以父死敵場，求用為將，領兵五百人。表欲得戰士之力，傾意接待，士皆愛附，樂為用命。時有盜官物者，疑無難士施明。明素壯悍，收考極毒，惟死無辭，廷尉以聞。權以表能得健兒之心，詔以明付表，使自以意求其情實。表便破械沐浴，易其衣服，厚設酒食，歡以誘之。明乃首服，具列支黨。表以狀聞。權奇之，欲全其名，特為赦明，誅戮其黨。遷表為無難右部督，封都亭侯，以繼舊爵。表皆陳讓，乞以傳脩子延，權不許。

Jiāhé Third Year [234], Zhūgě Kè took office as Dānyáng Administrator, suppressed and pacified the mountain Yuè, and Biǎo took office as Xīn’ān Commandant, to with [Zhūgě] Kè join strength. Previously, Biǎo’s received bestowal of retainers of 200 families, were at Kuàijī’s Xīn’ān county. Biǎo inspected these people, and all could be good soldiers, and therefore sent up memorial declining them, asking to return them to the government, to serve as elite troops. Imperial Order said: “The late General [Chén Wǔ] had achievements for the state, the state because of this repaid him, how can you resign them?”

嘉禾三年，諸葛恪領丹楊太守，討平山越，以表領新安都尉，與恪參勢。初，表所受賜復人得二百家，在會稽新安縣。表簡視其人，皆堪好兵，乃上疏陳讓，乞以還官，充足精銳。詔曰：「先將軍有功於國，國家以此報之，卿何得辭焉？」

Biǎo therefore said: “Now eliminating the state’s bandits, to avenge my father, people must be the foundation. To in vain use these strong elites as servant boys, is not my intention.” From them all he selected out some to fill his divisions and squads. This was reported, and [Sūn] Quán deeply praised him. He sent down the prefectures and counties, to select out households of weak people to fill those gaps.

表乃稱曰：「今除國賊，報父之仇，以人為本。空枉此勁銳以為僮僕，非表志也。」皆輒料取以充部伍。所在以聞，權甚嘉之。下郡縣，料正戶羸民以補其處。

Biǎo was in office for three years, expanding and developing and accepting surrenders, and obtained troops of over 10,000 men. When his term finished and he was about to leave, it happened that Póyáng commoner Wú Jù and others made chaos, attacking and destroying cities, and the subordinate counties were shaken and disturbed. Biǎo then crossed the border to go suppress, [Wú] Jù by this was defeated, and therefore surrendered. Lù Xùn memorialized Biǎo as Supporting General, advancing his fief to a capital village Marquis, and he went north to garrison Zhāngkēng. Aged thirty four years he died. His family wealth was completely used to care for soldiers, and on the day he died, his wife and children had nothing to support themselves, and the Heir-Apparent [Sūn] Dēng for them raised a house. His son [Chén] Áo was seventeen years, appointed Separate Division Major, and was given troops of 400 men. [Chén] Áo died, and Xīu’s son Yán again became Major to succeed Áo. Yán’s younger brother Yǒng was a General and given fief as a Marquis.

表在官三年，廣開降納，得兵萬餘人。事捷當出，會鄱陽民吳遽等為亂，攻沒城郭，屬縣搖動，表便越界赴討，遽以破敗，遂降。陸遜拜表偏將軍，進封都鄉侯，北屯章阬。年三十四卒。家財盡於養士，死之日，妻子露立，太子登為起屋宅。子敖年十七，拜別部司馬，授兵四百人。敖卒，脩子延復為司馬代敖。延弟永，將軍，封侯。

Previously Shī Míng was moved by Biǎo, and change his conduct to become good, and therefore became a great officer, reaching rank as a General.

始施明感表，自變行為善，遂成健將，致位將軍。